What are the signs of heat exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion is a condition that arises from prolonged exposure to high temperatures, particularly when coupled with high humidity and physical exertion. The signs of heat exhaustion primarily manifest as the body's response to overheating and its efforts to cool down.

Heavy sweating is a key indicator, as the body attempts to regulate its temperature through perspiration. This mechanism can lead to a loss of vital fluids and electrolytes, which contributes to feelings of weakness. Individuals experiencing heat exhaustion may also exhibit additional symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and a general feeling of fatigue.

The other options do not accurately reflect the symptoms associated with heat exhaustion. Shivering and coughing are typically related to cold stress or respiratory illnesses, while fever and fatigue may indicate other medical conditions like infections. Rapid heartbeat and confusion can occur with advanced heat-related illnesses, but they are more indicative of heat stroke, which is a more severe condition. Thus, heavy sweating and weakness are the hallmark signs of heat exhaustion, making this choice the correct answer.