Which of the following symptoms is associated with heat stroke?

Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency resulting from prolonged exposure to high temperatures, often coupled with dehydration. One of the hallmark symptoms associated with heat stroke is agitation and confusion. This occurs because the body's temperature regulation fails, leading to an increase in core body temperature. As the body's temperature rises, it can affect the brain and central nervous system, causing neurological changes such as confusion, agitation, and even loss of consciousness.

In contrast, the other symptoms listed, such as dizziness and weakness, nausea and fatigue, and pale skin, may indicate other heat-related illnesses like heat exhaustion, but they are not as critical or definitive for heat stroke specifically. While those symptoms could be present in heat exhaustion, the presence of agitation and confusion is particularly indicative of heat stroke and signifies a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.